It is designed to assess the cause of the spill, the amount spilled and the scale and extent of damage and environmental impact. Bodo village, nigeria in 2008 and 2009, a 55yearold pipeline owned by shell ruptured twice, throwing up 600,000 barrels, according to uk court claims, of crude oil into the surrounding creeks. Shell sued in uk for decades of oil spills in nigeria. Crude oil is known to contain heavy metals and oil spills contaminate the. On the illegal market a liter of gas could be sold for 80 cents. Royal dutch shell and the italian multinational oil giant eni have admitted to more than 550 oil spills in the niger delta last year, according to an amnesty international analysis of the companies latest figures. The niger delta suffers from an epidemic of oil spills. The companies are, agip energy, addax, elf, chevron, dubri, mobil. Recovery completed on 23 may 2019, assessment completed on 04 jun 2019, cleanup and remediation planned to be completed on march 2020. Recommendations to prevent oil spills by boat owners, marinas, and boatyards these recommendations stress regular and careful boat maintenance, knowledge of best management practices for fueling, oil changes, or overhauls, and.
Oil spillage and heavy metals toxicity risk in the niger delta, nigeria. Introduction the niger delta is located in the atlantic coast of southern nigeria and is the worlds second largest. Adekunbi imosemi1 nzeribe abangwu1 1school of law and securities studies, babcock university, ilisanremo, ogun state, nigeria abstract this paper sets out to examine the compensation of oil spill victims in the nigerian oil industry. The human health implications of crude oil spills in the niger delta, nigeria. The effect of oil spillage and other industrial wastes on our environment have been a major concern in the warri area. Mar 02, 2016 shell faces further suit over nigeria oil spills. Nov 11, 20 hundreds of oil spills reported in nigeria every year are ruining the environment and putting human lives at risk.
The reason for this is that the oil and gas industry in nigeria accounts for about 90%. Oil spill in nigeria 25052011 henri adu, department of civil engineering, university of benin, nigeria the major cause of disaster in nigeria has been oil spills in the niger delta region, where over 99% of petroleum products, the mainstay of the nigerian economy, are produced. Its influence on restiveness in niger delta, nigeria. Oil spills might take several months or even years to clean up. The key environmental issues in the niger delta of nigeria relate to its petroleum and industry. It is the largest wetland and maintains the thirdlargest drainage basin in africa. Oct 08, 20 in june, an explosion at one of nigeria s major pipelines spilled 6,000 barrels of crude into the creeks and swamps around bodo village, killing several people. Incapacitated by weak regulatory oversight and enforcement. Impacts and effects of oil spillage in niger delta nigeria. Read all the latest news, breaking stories, top headlines, opinion, pictures and videos about oil spill from nigeria and the world on today. Nigeria oil spill raises concerns about new drilling tech wired. In nigeria gas is used to drive cars and kerosene is used to cook. This write up provides a detailed study of oil spillage.
The oil spills affected at least 1500 communities in the eight crude oil producing states in nigeria, and were mainly from the 5284 oil wells that were drilled as at 2006 and the 7000 km of crude oil pipeline that crisscrosses the niger delta region. Hundreds of oil spills reported in nigeria every year are ruining the environment and putting human lives at risk. Causes and terrain of oil spillage in niger delta region of. Forced to rely on oil companies to be able to perform its statutory tasks. The most publicised of all oil spills in nigeria occurred on january 17 1980 when a. Investigating these matters can also expose serious gaps in the management system for control of oil spill in the niger delta region of nigeria. Evaluation of the impacts of oil spill disaster on. Oil spills occur naturally by natural disaster, movement of tectonic plates and also as a result of inadequate trap system. Pdf oil spill incidents and pipeline vandalization in nigeria. Apart from promoting coordination of key stakeholders, nsrp also contributed to capacity building of actors involved in oil spills response and management. Spdcjv has publicly reported oil spill statistics annually since 1995 in the shell sustainability report, and this website further enhances transparency on spills from spdcjv facilities in nigeria. From 1990 1995, nigerian soldiers, at shells request and with. Satellite images of nigeria s coastline show the new shell oil spill covering a 356squaremile patch of ocean. Environmental policies and strategies in nigeria oil and.
Effects such as loss of life, forced displacements, loss of property and serious health risks cannot be overlooked. Impacts and management of oil spill pollution along the nigerian. Pdf the coastal area of the niger delta is the home to oil explorations and exploitations in nigeria. The niger delta region is the oil producing area of nigeria, which consists of highly diverse ecosystems that are supportive of numerous. Aug 04, 2011 a major 1970 oil spill in ogoniland in the southeast of nigeria led to thousands of gallons being spilt on farmland and rivers, ultimately leading to a. Spill was contained on 21 may 2019, recovery completed on 17 jul 2019, assessment planned to be completed on june 2020 download.
Evaluation of the impacts of oil spill disaster on communities and. This spillage is allegedly up to 540 million gallons and it may cost 100,000,000 dollars to clean up. Introduction it is very important to note that each time environmental issues are mentioned in nigeria, the oil and gas industry readily comes to mind. The main sources of oil spill on the niger delta are.
Oil spills have occurred over the year in the niger delta and wetland ecosystems has been degraded by the impact of the spills. Wednesdays agreement ends a threeyear legal battle in britain over two spills in 2008 that destroyed thousands of acres of mangroves and the fish and shellfish that sustained villagers of the bodo community in nigerias southern niger delta. Effects of oil spills on fish production in the niger delta plos. Oil spill trajectory simulations offshore nigeria badejo o. Oil spill the guardian nigeria news nigeria and world news. The law and multiagency response to oil spill incidents.
Recent oil spills in delta and bayelsa states, nigeria sdn. Home to 20 million people and 40 different ethnic groups, this floodplain makes up 7. Longterm effects of oil spills in bodo, nigeria al jazeera. Ayobami olaniyan1 abstract the devastating effects that a single oil spill incident has on the environment and humans can be overwhelming. Recommendations to prevent oil spills caused by human. A new report from amnesty international says spills in the niger delta are the. Some major spills in the coastal zone are the gocons escravos spill in 1978 of about 300,000 barrels, spdcs forcados terminal tank failure in 1978 of about 580,000 barrels. The niger delta region is continuously exposed to a higher rate of oil spills, and about. Oil spill can be caused by natural seepage, especially in the ocean, as tectonic plates shift, they may release oil from reserves trapped deep such as drilling beneath the ocean floor.
Pdf oil spill incidents and pipeline vandalization in. Shell petroleum development company of nigeria spdc. Its economic benefits are countless, but all in all, oil spill in nigeria is a common occurrence. In june, an explosion at one of nigerias major pipelines spilled 6,000 barrels of crude into the creeks and swamps around bodo village, killing several people. Hydrocarbon oil spill cleanup and remediation in the niger delta. Eket but the largest spill in nigeria was the offshore well blowout in january 1980 with a spill of approximately 200,000 barrels of oil into the atlantic ocean from an oil facility which damaged 340 hectares of mangrove forest 7. Nigeria oil nigeria oil spill nigeria environmental. Nigeria oil spill raises concerns about new drilling tech. With the alarming rise in cases of oil theft, oil bunkering and pipeline vandalism, and oil spill as a result, who ensures adequate and fair compensation to oil spill victims. Originally the home of a major producer of palm oil, petroleum oil was discovered there making nigeria africas biggest oil producer. In nigeria, the oil industry is considered to be the largest sector and main generator of gdp in africas most populous nation. The oil spills affected at least 1500 communities in the eight crude oilproducing states in nigeria, and were mainly from the 5284 oil wells that were drilled as at 2006 and the 7000 km of crude oil pipeline that crisscrosses the niger delta region. The most controversial spills come from pipeline blasts. Oct, 2011 coastal pollution fears after nigeria oil spill duration.
Between 1976 and 1996 nigeria recorded a total of 4835 oil spill incidents, which resulted in a loss of 1,896,960 barrels of oil to the environment. He suggested that the federal government together with oil companies should provide the strategy to clean up oil spills in the damaged regions. The main objective of this paper is to examine problems associated with compensation of oil spill victims in nigeria. Apr 06, 2009 shells environmental devastation in nigeria royal dutch shell, plc shell began oil production in the niger delta region of nigeria in 1958 and has a long history of working closely with the nigerian government to quell popular opposition to its presence in the region.
Evaluation of the impacts of oil spill disaster on communities and its influence on restiveness in niger delta, nigeria. Recorded instances where the oil companies polluters. In order to halt the continual degradation of the niger delta environment, the authors recommend the. Nigeria is now the largest oil producer in africa and the sixth largest in the. The human health implications of crude oil spills in the. Longterm effects of oil spills in bodo, nigeria al.
Coastal pollution fears after nigeria oil spill duration. Shell began investing at nigeria in 1937, and is the largest oil operation in nigeria, producing half of the 2. The law and multiagency response to oil spill incidents in. Resource conflicts are prevalent in the niger delta, where oil exploration and extraction have had devastating impacts on the natural environment. Oil spillage, though a form of pollution is not good for the environment. Shell oil spills led to astonishingly high pollution in nigeria. Shell oil spills that havent been cleaned up for over eight years have contributed to astonishingly high levels of pollution in a nigerian community, according to a consultant who helped. Nigeria delta is the 9th largest source of natural gas in the world and has estimated oil reserve of 22. Nnimmo bassey, director of environmental rights action in nigeria, reported that shell and other oil companies are mostly responsible for the oil spillage. Nigeria oil production has killed over 2000 people from fire outbreaks to diseased water caused by oil spillage. Shell oil spills led to astonishingly high pollution in. Oil spillage is a form of pollution, which involves the release of a liquid petroleum into the environment due to human activity. Imo level oil spill response training we offer standard training packages, or we can tailor to specific client requirements.
Thats the equivalent of an exxon valdez disaster happening every year for nearly 50 years. Oil spill reduced crop yield, land productivity and greatly depressed farm income as a 10 percentage increase in oil spill reduced crop yield by 1. By deepwater horizon megadisaster benchmarks, its not so big but it might be in. Hydrocarbon oil spill cleanup and remediation in the niger. Pollution worsens around shell oil spills in nigeria wsj. The law and multiagency response to oil spill incidents in nigeria 9 but. By contrast, on average, there were only 10 spills a year. Recent oil spills in delta and bayelsa states, nigeria three oil spills have been reported in the press in august and september 2016.
Impro o s r i nigeria 4cmparativ analy o for, d a r pr o jiv executive summary a joint investigation visit jiv is a visit to oil spill sites usually carried out within two weeks of an onshore oil spill in nigeria. The clean nigeria associates, a cooperative of eleven oil producing companies in nigeria was formed in november 1981 due to increasing awareness in the need to prevent and control oil spills in nigeria and as a consequence of an oil spill seminar in 1979. Oil spill sites are a common phenomenon in the niger delta region and multinational. This increases demand for suitable systems to address the issue of oil spill in the nigerdelta region of nigeria by the government and. The law and multiagency response to oil spill incidents in nigeria. Oil spill occurs in various ways, such as leaks during processing, corrosion of oil pipes, poor maintenance of infrastructure and deliberate acts of vandalism or theft of crude oil from pipes. Spill prevention education team and its members, the american waterways operators responsible carrier program, elements of. Over the past two decades, at least a dozen pipeline disasters have killed thousands in nigeria. Oil spill, a common outcome of oil exploration and exploitation in the niger delta region has. An interpretation of published studies best ordinioha 1, seiyefa brisibe 2 1 department of preventive and social medicine, faculty of clinical sciences, college of health sciences, university of port harcourt, port harcourt, rivers state, nigeria 2 department of family medicine, niger delta university teaching. The guardian nigeria newspaper brings you the latest headlines, opinions, political news, business reports and international news.
This increases demand for suitable systems to address the issue of oil spill in the nigerdelta region of nigeria by the government and oil industries. All of these spills have had a devastating impact on the agriculture, environments and general wellbeing of the local communities. Impacts and management of oil spill pollution along the. As energy giant shell admits liability for two large oil spills in nigeria, channel 4 news compares the figures from the niger delta with the bp disaster in. One of these grievances related to environmental degradation caused by oil spills. Pdf oil spill problems and management in the niger delta. More than 40,000 nigerians demand action from shell to clean up oil spills that have devastated communities for decades. The environmental damage around the site of two shell oil spills in nigeria a decade ago has worsened significantly after years of delay to cleanup efforts, according to a report the oil giant has.